您在发动机中放入的机油以及其添加剂，可吸收并容纳有机和无机污染物。有机污染物可以包括细菌，虫子和氧化油。无机杂质可以包括金属颗粒，磨损发动机的组件和灰尘。因此，机油有助于保护发动机，并提高其效率和性能。但是，为了延长发动机的寿命并提供更好的性能，汽车制造商还安装了清洁油过滤器，然后将其引导到发动机的重要运动部位。
过滤媒体的类型
Oil filters have different media, or membranes, inside them that filter out and clear the contaminants of the motor oil as it circulates.
Cellulose filter media: Typically, disposable oil filters have cellulose filter media. This media can hold back particles 8 to 10 microns in size and can clean up to 40% of the motor oil. It is advisable to have your mechanic check/replace them at every 3,000 miles.
Synthetic filter media: Higher quality oil filters use synthetic media. This media is effective in removing 50% of the particles in sizes ranging from 20 to 40 microns, and 24% of particles in the 8 to 10 micron range. These oil filters should be checked/replaced every 5,000 to 7,000 miles.
Microglass filter media: Most high-end oil filters include an extremely fine metal media or microglass. This microglass mesh is made with fibers that are 10 times finer than cellulose fibers. They also present far less of a restriction to the flow of motor oil and only need to be checked/replaced ever 2 to 5 years or 10,000 miles (whichever comes first).
Types of oil filters
市场上有各种各样的机油过滤器和汽车中的发动机类型。它的尺寸和制造公司决定了它使用的机油过滤器的种类。
Primary oil filters：大多数汽车发动机制造商安装原油过滤器。这些机油过滤器（也称为全流量过滤器）过滤了100％的机油。由于这些机油过滤器必须有效工作以保持发动机润滑至关重要，因此它们的流量限制较低。在较冷的温度下，机油变厚，限制性机油过滤器可能会损坏发动机。因此，原油过滤器使较小的污染物颗粒可以通过它们。制造商还安装了故障安全旁路阀，以防过滤器的膜过于堵塞。如果过滤器被堵塞并且不允许机油到达发动机，则特定的压力系统会将膜周围的机油重定向到发动机，从而继续润滑。
二级石油过滤器：除了原油过滤器外，一些制造商还安装了二级石油过滤器。这些机油过滤器在一小部分或大约1％至10％的机油上工作，然后将其清洗，然后再将其路由回到发动机。它们独立于初级石油过滤器的工作，并通过去除其他污染物来帮助。结果，您需要减少频率更换机油。即使您的车辆没有二级机油过滤器，您也可以选择购买后安装。这些机油过滤器也称为旁路过滤器。但是，重要的是要记住它们与旁路阀完全不同。
Conventional oil filters: These oil filters are a form of secondary filters and use basic cellulose membranes. Since they filter out smaller contaminants, they need replacing more frequently.
Thermal chamber oil filters: These oil filters work in two ways. They filter the motor oil to remove impurities and in addition, raise its temperature so that certain contaminants in the motor oil burn off or get destroyed. In a way, these oil filters work to refine the oil, but to do so, they need to consume electricity. This is why they can reduce the fuel efficiency of your car.
Spinner filters：也称为离心油过滤器，这些过滤器使用旋转运动来捕获并保持机油污染物。通常，这些油过滤器有两个部分，一个外壳室和膜。当媒体被堵塞时，您只需要在住房室仍然可用时进行更换。基本垫片是旋转器滤清器的重要组成部分。它可以防止机油泄漏，但不是很耐用。如果您的汽车使用旋转器过滤器，请至少每三个月或3,000英里检查机械师的基础垫圈。
磁油过滤器：这些机油过滤器可去除机油中的金属杂质，并在灰尘上无效。您无需更换此机油过滤器；简单地定期清洁它应该保持其功能。
记住
始终建议使用原始设备制造商（OEM）推荐的机油过滤器。另外，请仔细遵循有关机油滤清器维护或更换频率的说明。这些说明通常基于您定期驾驶和里程的条件。
If you drive in dusty conditions very often, you might want to have your oil filter checked more frequently.
