今天道路上的每辆汽车，卡车或SUV都配备了转向架。机架由动力转向变速箱驱动，该变速箱在转向轮时从驾驶员转动时接收输入。当转向架向左或向右转动时，车轮通常也会顺利转动。但是，有时转向可能会感到有些松动或颠簸，或者您可能听到声音就像将要从车辆上掉下来的东西。这些通常是指示转向架衬套磨损并需要更换。
Part 1 of 1: Replacing the steering rack bushings
需要的材料
- Ball-peen hammer
- 盒装端扳手或棘轮扳手
- 手电筒
- 冲击扳手/空气线
- Jack and jack stands or hydraulic lift
- 穿透油（WD-40或PB Blaster）
- Replacement steering rack bushing(s)并支持硬件
- 安全设备（安全眼镜和手套）
- 钢丝绒
Step 1: Disconnect the vehicle's battery。在杰克架上抬起并支撑车辆后，更换此部分之前应该做的第一件事是断开电源连接。
在继续操作之前，请找到车辆的电池并断开电池电缆的连接。
步骤2：卸下下腹盘/滑板。为了清晰地使用转向架，您需要卸下下腹部（发动机盖）和位于车辆下方的滑板。
On many vehicles, you'll also have to remove a cross member that runs perpendicular to the engine. Always refer to your service manual for exact instructions on how to complete this step for your individual vehicle.
步骤3：卸下驾驶员侧转向架安装和衬套。After you've cleared the access to the steering rack and all mounts, the first one you should remove is the driver side bushing and mount.
要完成此任务，请使用撞击扳手和端扳手的尺寸与螺栓和螺母相同。
First, spray all of the steering rack mount bolts with penetrating oil like WD-40 or PB Blaster. Let it soak in for a few minutes. Remove any hydraulic lines or electrical harnesses from the steering rack.
将冲击扳手（或插座扳手）插入朝向您的螺母上的末端，而您将盒装端扳手端端放在坐骑后面的螺栓上。用撞击扳手卸下螺母，同时承受端扳手的压力。
Once the nut has been removed, use a ball-peen hammer to hit the end of the bolt through the mount. Pull the bolt from the bushing and mount once it is loose.
卸下螺栓后，将转向架从衬套/安装座上拉开，然后悬挂，直到卸下其他安装座和衬套。
- 警告：每当您更换衬套时，都应始终成对完成，或者在同一服务期间全部完成。切勿仅安装一个衬套，因为这是一个严重的安全问题。
步骤4：卸下乘客侧交叉成员衬套/安装。在大多数不是四轮驱动器的车辆上，将有两个坐骑固定转向架。左侧（上图上）的一个通常在驾驶员侧找到，而该图像右侧的两个螺栓位于乘客侧。
Removing the passenger side bolts can be tricky if there is a support bar blocking the way.
在某些车辆中，您将必须卸下此支撑式摇摆杆才能进入顶部螺栓。始终参考您的车辆服务手册，以获取有关如何卸下乘客侧转向架安装架和衬套的确切说明。
First, remove the top bolt. Using the impact wrench (socket) and the corresponding end wrench to remove the top nut first, then remove the bolt.
其次，一旦将螺栓从顶部安装上取出，请从底部螺栓上取下螺母，但请勿卸下螺栓。
Third, after the nut has been removed, hold the steering rack with your hand while you drive the bolt through the bottom mount. When the bolt goes through, the steering rack may come loose on its own. This is why you need to support it with your hand so it doesn't fall.
Fourth, remove the mounting brackets and place the steering rack on the ground.
步骤5：从两个坐骑上卸下旧衬套。转向架松动并移开后，从两者（如果有中央安装座）上取出旧衬套。
- Tip：去除转向架衬套的最佳方法是用球锤的球末端击中它们。
有关此过程的推荐步骤，请参阅您的服务手册。
步骤6：用钢羊毛清洁安装括号。取出旧衬套后，请花一些时间用钢羊毛清洁坐骑的内部。
这将确保新的衬套适合更容易，并且还可以更好地固定转向架，因为它没有碎屑。
上图显示了在安装转向架新衬套之前，衬套安装座的外观。
步骤7：安装新衬套。The best way to install new bushings depends on the type of mount. On most vehicles, the driver side mount will be round. The passenger side mount will consist of two brackets with bushings in the middle of them (similar in design to main cap bearings for a connecting rod).
有关如何正确安装车辆的转向架衬套的建议步骤，请参阅您的车辆服务手册。
步骤8：重新安装转向架。转向架衬套更换后，您需要将转向架重新安装在车辆下。
- Tip: The best way to complete this step is to install the rack in reverse order of the way you removed the rack.
Follow these GENERAL steps below, but also follow the service manual instructions:
Install the passenger side mount: Place the mounting bushings on the steering rack and insert the bottom bolt first. Once the bottom bolt is securing the steering rack, insert the top bolt. After both bolts are inserted to the mounts, secure the nuts on both bolts, but DO NOT fully tighten them yet.
安装驾驶员侧安装：固定乘客侧后，安装驾驶员侧转向架安装架。同样，将螺栓插入，然后将螺母缓慢地引导到螺栓上。
两侧安装并连接螺母和螺栓，请拧紧到制造商推荐的扭矩设置。这将在服务手册中找到。
Reconnect any electrical or hydraulic lines attached to the steering rack that you removed in the steps above.
Step 9: Replace the engine covers and skid plates。重新安装您之前卸下的任何发动机盖和滑板板。
步骤10：重新连接电池电缆。Reconnect the positive and negative terminals to the battery.
Step 11: Refill the power steering fluid。填充动力转向液储层。启动发动机，重新检查动力转向液，并按照服务手册的指示进行补充。
步骤12：测试转向架。启动发动机，并多次将车辆转向左右。
偶尔在下面查看任何滴水或泄漏的液体。如果您看到任何流体泄漏，请关闭车辆并拧紧连接。
Step 13: Test drive the vehicle。Lower the vehicle from the lift or jack stands. After you've checked the install and double checked the tightness of each bolt, you should take your vehicle on a 10 to 15 minute road test.
Make sure you take the vehicle through normal city driving situations and DO NOT take vehicle off road or on bumpy road conditions. It's recommended by many manufacturers to be easy on the vehicle at first to allow the new bearings to settle in.
更换转向架衬套不是很困难，尤其是如果您拥有正确的工具并可以使用液压升降机。如果您阅读了这些说明，并且对完成此维修的自信不自信，请与Mymechanic的本地ASE认证机制之一联系以完成万博体育入口万博亚洲客户端转向架安装衬套更换job for you.
