汽车维护和甚至基本问题的故障排除可能非常复杂。随着汽车变得更加先进,新的计算机控制元素和日益复杂的动力传动系统被引入车辆,并且诊断和修复问题的难度仅在上升。
对于那些没有机械的人来说,解决汽车问题可能是一个令人生畏的过程。幸运的是,有一个基本的直觉诊断水平,任何人都可以做到只不过是他们的感官(我们可以摆脱味觉!)。那是因为大多数汽车将始终存在与某些问题相对应的某些症状。至少,能够识别问题所在的区域是解决汽车问题的重要一步。
Part 1 of 4: Use your sense of smell
步骤1:检查您的汽车是否异常气味。不同的闻起来在the inside or outside of your car can indicate issues with your car.
Unlike with noise or vibration, unusual smells are easier to detect because they are usually more noticeable. There will always be background noise and normal vibrations in a car, but the smell is usually more or less neutral.
重要的是要保持汽车中的奇怪气味。这里有一些需要注意的事情(按紧迫性排序)。
步骤2:检查车内的排气烟气。汽车内部的排气烟气应该是令人担忧的重要原因。这表明废气正从车辆下方的某个地方进入汽车的机舱。
如果you smell exhaust gas in your car, stop driving and call a qualified mechanic toassess the issue在再次开车之前。废气含有一氧化碳,如果吸入,可能会导致意识丧失甚至死亡。
Step 3: Check for the smell of gas or oil。气体或油的气味通常表明其中一种流体在发动机舱中泄漏存在问题。
气体也会从储罐周围或汽车下方泄漏,但这会导致燃料水坑在人行道上收集,这很可能会在气味之前注意到。
Ensure that you get a mechanic tocheck out either of these smellsright away, as the problems that cause them are likely to get worse.
步骤4:检查冷却液的气味。冷却液的气味独特甜,很容易在与泄漏有关的汽车气味中挑出。
如果冷却液正在泄漏,那么发动机可能没有充分冷却,并且在过热的情况下可能会损坏。联系合格的专业人员,以解决任何问题unidentified smell in the car。
步骤5:检查硫的气味。A couple of different parts can cause the smell of sulphur to be released if they are damaged or malfunctioning. These include the battery and catalytic converter. If the battery becomes overcharged, or if the catalytic converter begins to fail, then you will notice the smell of sulphur in or around the vehicle. In some instances, problems with the fuel system can also produce this odor.
步骤6:检查燃烧的木材或橡胶的气味。当他们经历过多的摩擦和加热时,经历摩擦的组件会产生类似于燃烧的木材或橡胶的气味。刹车片或离合器等零件会产生这种气味。
步骤7:检查霉菌或霉菌的气味。如果您的内部闻起来像霉菌或霉菌,那么问题可能在于空气循环系统。这种气味可能起源于机舱空气过滤器,特别是如果最近没有更改。但是,AC或加热单元的许多问题也会引起这种气味。
第4部分4:使用您的触觉
Your hands and feet are equally useful for diagnosing mechanical issues. Your hands can be used to diagnose problems with everything from the AC and heating system to the steering.
Step 1: Use your sense of touch。To diagnose car issues using your sense of touch, you don’t need to go around and physically touch every component of your vehicle. Instead, use it to sense unusual vibrations and other indicators that something is amiss.
步骤2:检查仪表板和中央控制台组件。为了对仪表板和中央控制台组件进行简要检查,在停放汽车时,测试组件,例如转弯信号,挡风玻璃刮水器,交流控制和音频系统控制,以确保它们正常工作。
步骤3:检查交流通风口。将交流风扇控制在大部分方面,然后将手放在通风口的前面,以确保系统吹冷空气。如果交流系统无法正常工作,或者控制旋钮无法正常工作,则应联系认证技术员。
步骤4:感觉到方向盘。当您握住方向盘时,您可以用手来确定您可能通过方向盘遇到的任何问题:
方向盘振动或摇动表示车轮或制动器的问题。如果方向盘感觉松动的, it indicates a problem with the tie rods or ball joints. If the steering wheel is很难转,这表明动力转向组件有问题。
如果方向盘不responding correctly, it indicates a problem with the steering column or steering rack.
传输的问题可能会导致难以转移。它也可能在进出齿轮时会造成麻烦。如果您注意变速箱的感觉,您可以立即识别此问题。
步骤5:感觉踏板。在诊断问题方面,您的脚也非常有用。一旦问题出现在任何踏板上,这是一个直接的过程,可以识别问题的来源。
如果there is an issue with the gas pedal, such as poor throttle response or if the pedal sticks to the floor, there is likely a mechanical problem with the engine, fuel delivery system, or a return spring in the pedal.
如果there is a problem when the brake pedal is pressed, such asvibrations或者意外转向, then the problem is likely within the braking system of the vehicle. A pedal that vibrates is usually due to warped brake rotors or failing brake pads.
如果您的汽车有手动变速箱,那么您还可以处理离合器踏板。离合器踏板最常见的问题是推开时突然缺乏阻力,使踏板可以走all the way to the floorwithout returning as normal.
Part 3 of 4: Listen for any odd sounds
Step 1: Use your sense of hearing。当您第一次开车时,请始终密切注意汽车在发动机开机,开车和在公园时的开车时的声音。
Become familiar with the sounds in your car when everything is operating properly so that you’ll know when things start to sound abnormal.
例如,creaking or squeaking sounds听到转弯或转向时可能表明各种问题,从破旧的冲击和球接头到damaged suspension。
另一方面,单击或弹出声音可能表明轮毂盖或驱动皮带,磨损或不平衡的轮胎或低机油。制动过程中的奇怪声音可能是由于严重的刹车片问题引起的,而呼吸噪音可能是由于更不安全的条件引起的,例如燃油系统中的水分或者a malfunctioning air intake valve.
如果you hear any of these noises, or any other sounds that are out of place, be sure to take note and describe them to aqualified mechanicwho can diagnose the issue.
第4部分,共4部分:注意任何警告信号
Step 1: Keep an eye out for issues。For the most part when you are driving, your eyes should be on the road ahead. When this is the case, the only way to really diagnose a mechanical issue visually is to see smoke coming from under the hood. At that point, the issue is probably already pretty severe. For this reason, it's helpful to rely on your other senses to pick out problems before they get to that point.
步骤2:检查仪表板是否有警告灯。One thing that you should definitely keep an eye on is the dashboard.
There are a number ofwarning lights在仪表板上,可以告诉您何时出现问题。
关注的主要灯是检查引擎灯。如果您发现该灯在仪表板上照亮了,请通过专业诊断合格的技术员来自You万博体育入口rMechanic。